章节分类
← 上一级Empire Dating
The mathematical discrepancy in this is accounted for by the fact that the first year is included in the elapsed time.
Most struck Chinese banknotes are dated by year within a given period, such as the regional eras or the republican periods. A 1907 issue, for example, would be dated in the 33rd year of the Kuang Hsu era (1875 + 33 - 1 = 1907).
Cyclical Dating
Another method of dating is a 60-year, repeating cycle, outlined in the table below. The date is shown by the combination of two characters, the first from the top row and the second from the column at left, in this catalog, when a cyclical date is used, the abbreviation CD appears before the AD date.
| 庚 | 辛 | 壬 | 癸 | 甲 | 乙 | 丙 | 丁 | 戊 | 己 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 戌 | 1850 1910 | 1862 1922 | 1874 1934 | 1886 1946 | 1838 1898 | |||||
| 亥 | 1851 1911 | 1863 1923 | 1875 1935 | 1887 1947 | 1839 1899 | |||||
| 子 | 1840 1900 | 1852 1912 | 1864 1924 | 1876 1936 | 1888 1948 | |||||
| 丑 | 1841 1901 | 1853 1913 | 1865 1925 | 1877 1937 | 1889 1949 | |||||
| 寅 | 1830 1890 | 1842 1902 | 1854 1914 | 1866 1926 | 1878 1938 | |||||
| 卯 | 1831 1891 | 1843 1903 | 1855 1915 | 1867 1927 | 1879 1939 | |||||
| 辰 | 1880 1940 | 1832 1892 | 1844 1904 | 1856 1916 | 1868 1928 | |||||
| 巳 | 1881 1941 | 1833 1893 | 1845 1905 | 1857 1917 | 1869 1929 | |||||
| 午 | 1870 1930 | 1882 1942 | 1834 1894 | 1846 1906 | 1858 1918 | |||||
| 未 | 1871 1931 | 1883 1943 | 1835 1895 | 1847 1907 | 1859 1919 | |||||
| 申 | 1860 1920 | 1872 1932 | 1884 1944 | 1836 1896 | 1848 1908 | |||||
| 酉 | 1861 1921 | 1873 1933 | 1885 1945 | 1837 1897 | 1849 1909 |
This chart has been adopted from Chinese Banknotes by Ward Smith and Brian Matravers. Calligraphy by Marian C. Smith.
Republic Dating
A modern note of 1926 issue is dated in the 15th year of the Republic (1912 + 15 - 1 = 1926).
The mathematical discrepancy again is accounted for by the fact that the first year is included in the elapsed time.
| Year | Chinese | AD | Year | Chinese | AD | Year | Chinese | AD | Year | Chinese | AD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 一 | 1912 | 11 | 一十 | 1922 | 21 | 一十二 | 1932 | 31 | 一十三 | 1942 |
| 2 | 二 | 1913 | 12 | 二十 | 1923 | 22 | 二十二 | 1933 | 32 | 二十三 | 1943 |
| 3 | 三 | 1914 | 13 | 三十 | 1924 | 23 | 三十二 | 1934 | 33 | 三十三 | 1944 |
| 4 | 四 | 1915 | 14 | 四十 | 1925 | 24 | 四十二 | 1935 | 34 | 四十三 | 1945 |
| 5 | 五 | 1916 | 15 | 五十 | 1926 | 25 | 五十二 | 1936 | 35 | 五十三 | 1946 |
| 6 | 六 | 1917 | 16 | 六十 | 1927 | 26 | 六十二 | 1937 | 36 | 六十三 | 1947 |
| 7 | 七 | 1918 | 17 | 七十 | 1928 | 27 | 七十二 | 1938 | 37 | 七十三 | 1948 |
| 8 | 八 | 1919 | 18 | 八十 | 1929 | 28 | 八十二 | 1939 | 38 | 八十三 | 1949 |
| 9 | 九 | 1920 | 19 | 九十 | 1930 | 29 | 九十二 | 1940 | 39 | 九十三 | 1950 |
| 10 | 十 | 1921 | 20 | 十二 | 1931 | 30 | 十三 | 1941 | 40 | 十四 | 1951 |
NOTE: Chinese dates are normally read from right to left, except for the modern issues of the People's Republic of China from 1953 where the Western date is read from left to right.
帝制纪年
上述计算看似存在一年的差异,是因为计算经过的年数时,将第一年也包含在内。
大多数中国纸币以某一时期内的年次标示日期,例如某个年号或民国纪年。以1907年发行的纸币为例,其日期为光绪三十三年(1875+33-1=1907)。
干支纪年
另一种纪年方法是以六十年为一个重复周期的干支纪年法,如下表所示。日期由两个汉字组合而成:第一个字取自表格顶行,第二个字取自左侧一列。本目录采用干支纪年时,会在公元年份之前加上缩写 CD。
| 庚 | 辛 | 壬 | 癸 | 甲 | 乙 | 丙 | 丁 | 戊 | 己 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 戌 | 1850 1910 | 1862 1922 | 1874 1934 | 1886 1946 | 1838 1898 | |||||
| 亥 | 1851 1911 | 1863 1923 | 1875 1935 | 1887 1947 | 1839 1899 | |||||
| 子 | 1840 1900 | 1852 1912 | 1864 1924 | 1876 1936 | 1888 1948 | |||||
| 丑 | 1841 1901 | 1853 1913 | 1865 1925 | 1877 1937 | 1889 1949 | |||||
| 寅 | 1830 1890 | 1842 1902 | 1854 1914 | 1866 1926 | 1878 1938 | |||||
| 卯 | 1831 1891 | 1843 1903 | 1855 1915 | 1867 1927 | 1879 1939 | |||||
| 辰 | 1880 1940 | 1832 1892 | 1844 1904 | 1856 1916 | 1868 1928 | |||||
| 巳 | 1881 1941 | 1833 1893 | 1845 1905 | 1857 1917 | 1869 1929 | |||||
| 午 | 1870 1930 | 1882 1942 | 1834 1894 | 1846 1906 | 1858 1918 | |||||
| 未 | 1871 1931 | 1883 1943 | 1835 1895 | 1847 1907 | 1859 1919 | |||||
| 申 | 1860 1920 | 1872 1932 | 1884 1944 | 1836 1896 | 1848 1908 | |||||
| 酉 | 1861 1921 | 1873 1933 | 1885 1945 | 1837 1897 | 1849 1909 |
本表据 Ward Smith 与 Brian Matravers 合著的《中国纸币》编制。书法由 Marian C. Smith 书写。
民国纪年
1926年发行的近代纸币,标示为民国十五年(1912+15-1=1926)。
这里计算看似存在一年的差异,同样是因为计算经过的年数时,将第一年也包含在内。
| 民国年 | 原文 | 公元 | 民国年 | 原文 | 公元 | 民国年 | 原文 | 公元 | 民国年 | 原文 | 公元 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 一 | 1912 | 11 | 一十 | 1922 | 21 | 一十二 | 1932 | 31 | 一十三 | 1942 |
| 2 | 二 | 1913 | 12 | 二十 | 1923 | 22 | 二十二 | 1933 | 32 | 二十三 | 1943 |
| 3 | 三 | 1914 | 13 | 三十 | 1924 | 23 | 三十二 | 1934 | 33 | 三十三 | 1944 |
| 4 | 四 | 1915 | 14 | 四十 | 1925 | 24 | 四十二 | 1935 | 34 | 四十三 | 1945 |
| 5 | 五 | 1916 | 15 | 五十 | 1926 | 25 | 五十二 | 1936 | 35 | 五十三 | 1946 |
| 6 | 六 | 1917 | 16 | 六十 | 1927 | 26 | 六十二 | 1937 | 36 | 六十三 | 1947 |
| 7 | 七 | 1918 | 17 | 七十 | 1928 | 27 | 七十二 | 1938 | 37 | 七十三 | 1948 |
| 8 | 八 | 1919 | 18 | 八十 | 1929 | 28 | 八十二 | 1939 | 38 | 八十三 | 1949 |
| 9 | 九 | 1920 | 19 | 九十 | 1930 | 29 | 九十二 | 1940 | 39 | 九十三 | 1950 |
| 10 | 十 | 1921 | 20 | 十二 | 1931 | 30 | 十三 | 1941 | 40 | 十四 | 1951 |
注:中国的日期通常从右向左读;但中华人民共和国自1953年起发行的现代纸币,其公元日期则从左向右读。