民国发行

Portrait Abbreviations

SYS
SYS = Dr. Sun Yat-sen, 1867–1925
President of Canton Government, 1917–25
CKS
CKS = Chiang Kai-shek, 1886–1975
President in Nanking, 1927–31
Head of Formosa Government, Taiwan, 1949–1975

NOTE: Because of the frequency of the above appearing in the following listings, their initials are used only in reference to their portraits.

Overprints

The various city or regional overprints are easily noted, being normally two or three Chinese characters usually in two or more places on a note and sometimes found in English on the other side of the note.

Various single Chinese control characters were applied, and appear in two or more places on a note. Sometimes western numerals were utilized and appear in circles, or outlined squares, etc.

Controller’s seal

The most frequently encountered overprint in the Three Eastern Provinces and Manchurian series is a four Chinese character overprint in a 21mm square outline. This Official Controller’s Seal overprint superintended the amount of issue of certain banks and guaranteed the notes.

In certain cases we find available an original printers’ specimen, an issued note, an issued note with the official overprint along with a “local” specimen or a circulated note bearing normal serial numbers. The purpose of this overprint at present eludes the authors at this writing.

S/M # is in reference to CHINESE BANKNOTES by Ward D. Smith and Brian Matravers.

肖像缩写

SYS
SYS = 孙中山博士,1867–1925
广州政府总统,1917–1925
CKS
CKS = 蒋介石,1886–1975
南京政府总统,1927–1931
台湾政府首脑,1949–1975

注:由于上述人物在下列目录中频繁出现,仅在提及其肖像时使用姓名缩写。

加盖

城市或地区加盖通常由两三个汉字组成,一般出现在纸币上的两处或多处,有时另一面还印有英文,因此较易辨认。

纸币上也使用各种单个汉字作为管制标记,出现于两处或多处。有时采用阿拉伯数字,置于圆圈或方框等轮廓中。

监理印

东三省及满洲系列中最常见的加盖,是边长约 21 毫米的方框内四字印记。这种官方监理印用来监督某些银行的发行数量,并为纸币提供担保。

有时可见原印刷厂样票、发行券、带官方加盖的发行券,以及“地方”样票或带正常冠字号码的流通券。本书撰写时,作者尚未弄清这种加盖的用途。

S/M # 指 Ward D. Smith 与 Brian Matravers 合著的《中国纸币》。